US Regulators and Government Officials

This is a collection of financial industry regulators who are at the center of the current OTC derivatives market regulation debate.

Luis Aguilar
Commissioner, SEC

Luis Aguilar is a Commissioner at the SEC. He was sworn in on July 31, 2008. Prior to his appointment as an SEC Commissioner, Aguilar was a partner with the international law firm of McKenna Long & Aldridge, LLP, specializing in securities law.

Sheila Bair
Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

Sheila Bair is the 19th Chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). She was appointed Chairman for a five-year term. Bair is also a member of the FDIC Board of Directors through July 2013. Before joining the FDIC in 2006, she was the Dean's Professor of Financial Regulatory Policy for the Isenberg School of Management at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst since 2002. While there, she also served on the FDIC's Advisory Committee on Banking Policy.  

Dan Berkovitz
General Counsel, Commodity Futures Trading Commission

Dan M. Berkovitz is general counsel of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). He was appointed to the position in June of 2009. Berkovitz came to the CFTC from the United States Senate where he served as Counsel to the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Chaired by Senator Carl Levin. In this capacity, Berkovitz led several major investigations into energy markets, including the role of speculation in the trading of natural gas and crude oil contracts. Last year, he played a critical role during Congress’s consideration and passage of legislation to regulate electronic trading facilities for energy commodities.

Ben Bernanke
Chairman, Federal Reserve

Ben Shalom Bernanke is an American economist, and the current Chairman of the United States Federal Reserve. Previously, he served as Fed Governor and Chairman of President George W. Bush's Council of Economic Advisers. In 2009, he was named the TIME magazine person of the year.

James Brigagliano
Deputy Director, Trading and Markets, SEC

James Brigagliano is Deputy Director of the Division of Trading Markets of the SEC, where he shares responsibility for the regulation and oversight of securities firms clearing organizations, and the United States Securities markets. Prior to joining the Division of Trading Markets, Brigagliano was an assistant General Counsel for Litigation in the Commission’s Office of the General Counsel. 

Kathleen Casey
Commissioner, SEC

Kathleen Casey was appointed by President George W. Bush to the SEC and sworn in on July 17, 2006. Her term expires in 2011. Prior to being appointed Commissioner, Casey served as Staff Director and Counsel of the U.S. Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee.

Bart Chilton
Commissioner, CFTC

Bart Chilton was sworn in as a CFTC in 2007. In 2009, he was re-nominated by President Obama and reconfirmed by the Senate. He has served as the Chairman of the CFTC’s Energy and Environmental Markets Advisory Committee (EEMAC). Prior to joining the CFTC, Chilton was the Chief of Staff and Vice President for Government Relations at the National Farmers Union where he represented family farmers.

Andrew Donohue
Director, SEC's Division of Investment Management

Andrew J. “Buddy” Donohue is the Director of the Division of Investment Management at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. He is among the most senior financial services regulators in the United States, with principal oversight for the $30 trillion investment management industry. Prior to becoming Investment Management Director, Donohue was Global General Counsel for Merrill Lynch Investment Managers.

Bill Dudley
President, Federal Reserve Bank of New York

William C. Dudley became the 10th president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York where he serves as the vice chairman and a permanent member of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). Prior to joining the Bank in 2007, Dudley was a partner and managing director at Goldman, Sachs & Company and was the firm’s chief U.S. economist for a decade.

Elizabeth Duke
Member of the Board, Federal Reserve

Elizabeth A. Duke is a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States. In 2005, she became senior executive vice president and chief operating officer of TowneBank. She was nominated to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve by President George W. Bush on May 15, 2007.

Michael Dunn
Commissioner, CFTC

Michael Dunn was sworn in as a Commissioner of the CFTC on December 6, 2004. On June 16, 2006, Dunn was nominated by President George W. Bush to a second term as Commissioner of the CFTC and confirmed by the Senate on August 3, 2006. From January 20, 2009 to May 25, 2009, Dunn served as Acting Chairman for the agency. Dunn additionally serves as Chairman and Designated Federal Official of the Commission's Agricultural Advisory Committee (AAC).  Prior to joining the CFTC, Mr. Dunn served as Director of the Office of Policy and Analysis at the Farm Credit Administration (FCA) where he managed the two FCA divisions responsible for developing regulations and public policy positions for applicable statutes as well as promoted the safety and soundness of the Farm Credit System (FCS).

Richard Fisher
President, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas

Richard W. Fisher is currently the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, having assumed that post in April, 2005. Fisher joined Brown Brothers, Harriman and Company, a private banking firm, specializing in fixed income and foreign exchange markets. From 1978 to 1979, he served as Special Assistant to Secretary W. Michael Blumenthal at the United States Department of the Treasury, where he worked issues relating to the dollar crisis.

Timothy Geithner
Secretary, US Treasury

Timothy Franz Geithner is the 75th and current United States Secretary of the Treasury, serving under President Barack Obama. He was previously the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

Gary Gensler
Chairman, CFTC

Gary Gensler is the chairman of the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission under President Barack Obama. Gensler was Undersecretary of the Treasury (1999-2001) and Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (1997-1999) in the United States. Barack Obama selected him to lead the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which has jurisdiction over $5 trillion in trades.

Martin  J. Gruenberg
Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Martin J. Gruenberg is the Acting Chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Board of Directors. Martin J. Gruenberg was sworn in as Vice Chairman of the FDIC Board of Directors on August 22, 2005. On November 2, 2007, Mr. Gruenberg was named Chairman of the Executive Council and President of the International Association of Deposit Insurers (IADI). Mr. Gruenberg joined the FDIC Board after broad congressional experience in the financial services and regulatory areas. He served as Senior Counsel to Senator Paul S. Sarbanes (D-MD) on the staff of the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs from 1993 to 2005. Mr. Gruenberg advised the Senator on issues of domestic and international financial regulation, monetary policy and trade.

Thomas Hoenig
President, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City

Thomas M. Hoenig took office as the eighth chief executive of the Tenth District Federal Reserve Bank, in Kansas City, United States. In 2010, he is serving as a voting member of the Federal Open Market Committee, as one of five of the twelve Federal Reserve Bank presidents that sit on the Committee on a yearly rotating basis. He is known as an inflation hawk.

Richard Ketchum
Chairman and CEO, Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA)

Richard Ketchum is Chairman and CEO of FINRA. Prior to joining FINRA, Ketchum was CEO of NYSE Regulation from March 2006 to March 2009. He served as the first chief regulatory officer of the New York Stock Exchange, a position he began in March 2004. From June 2003 to March 2004, Ketchum was General Counsel of the Corporate and Investment Bank of Citigroup Inc., and a member of the unit's planning group, Business Practices Committee and Risk Management Committee. 

Donald Kohn
Vice Chairman, Federal Reserve

Donald L. Kohn became a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on Aug, 5, 2002 for a full term ending Jan. 31, 2016. On June 23, 2006, Kohn was sworn in as Vice Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a four-year term ending June 23, 2010. Kohn is the Chairman of the Committee on the Global Financial System (CGFS), a central bank panel that monitors and examines broad issues related to financial markets and systems.

David Kotz
Inspector General, Securities and Exchange Commission

H. David Kotz is the Inspector General of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) since his appointment on December 5, 2007. The duty of the Inspector General at the SEC is to conduct independent and objective audits, investigations and inspections to detect waste, fraud and abuse, and promote economy, effectiveness and efficiency. Kotz previously worked at the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), where he was an Attorney Advisor in the Office of the General Counsel and later a Chief in the Office of Labor and Employee Relations.

Theodore Lubke
Former Senior Vice President, Federal Reserve Bank of New York

Theodore Lubke is the Senior Vice President in the Bank Supervision Group at the Federal Bank of New York, where he has served for more than 14 years. Prior to joining the New York Fed, Lubke was a Special Assistant at the While House, as well as a Corporate Analyst at Lehman Brothers. 

Mary John Miller
Assistant Secretary for Financial Market, US Treasury

Mary John Miller was confirmed by the U.S. Senate to serve as the Department of the Treasury’s Assistant Secretary for Financial Markets. She also serves as the senior member of the Treasury Financing Group. Prior to joining the Department of the Treasury, Miller was the director of the Fixed Income Division for T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. She was also a member of the firm’s Management Committee and held key investment management responsibilities on the firm’s Asset Allocation Committee and was an officer on a number of fixed income mutual funds.

Scott O’Malia
Commissioner, CFTC

Scott O’Malia was sworn in as a Commissioner of the CFTC in 2009.  He is currently serving a five-year term that expires in April 2015. Before starting his term at the CFTC, O’Malia served as the Staff Director to the U.S. Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development. 

Stephen O'Conner
Chairman, International Swaps and Derivatives Association

Stephen P. O'Connor is named chairman of ISDA on Apr. 14, 2011 at the organization's annual general meeting in Prague. O’Connor is also global head of the Counterparty Portfolio Management division at Morgan Stanley. O'Connor joined Morgan Stanley in 1988 and as of 2011 was its global head of OTC client clearing.

Troy Paredes
Commissioner, SEC

Commissioner Paredes was appointed by President George W. Bush to the SEC and was sworn in on August 1, 2008. Before joining the SEC, Paredes was a tenured professor at Washington University School of Law in St. Louis, Missouri. He also held a courtesy appointment at Washington University’s Olin Business School. Paredes primarily taught and researched in the areas of securities regulation and corporate governance.

Henry Paulson
Former Secretary, US Treasury

Henry Paulson, Jr. was the 74th Secretary of the US Treasury, serving from July 10, 2006 to January of 2009. He was nominated by President George W. Bush and confirmed unanimously by the U.S. Senate.

Charles Plosser
President, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia

Charles Irving Plosser is the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. An academic macroeconomist, he is well known for his work on real business cycles, a term which he and John B. Long, Jr. coined. Specifically, he wrote along with Charles Nelson in 1982 an influential work entitled "Trends and Random Walks in Macroeconomic Time Series" in which they dealt with the hypothesis of permanent shocks affecting the aggregate product (GDP).

Mary L. Schapiro
Chairman, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Mary L. Schapiro is the 29th chairperson of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). She was designated as the intended nominee by then-President-elect Barack Obama on December 18, 2008, and formally nominated upon Obama's inauguration into office on January 20, 2009. She is the immediate past chairperson and CEO of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, the securities industry self-regulatory organization for broker-dealers and exchanges in the United States.

Jill Sommers
Commissioner, CFTC

Jill Sommers was sworn in as a CFTC on August 8, 2007. On July 20, 2009 she was nominated by President Barack Obama to serve a five-year second term, and was confirmed by the Senate on October 8, 2009. Sommers serves as Chairman and Designated Federal Official of the Commission’s Global Markets Advisory Committee, which meets periodically to discuss issues of concern to exchanges, firms, market users and the Commission regarding the regulatory challenges of a global marketplace. Prior to joining the CFTC, Sommers worked in the Government Affairs Office of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). 

Ananda Radhakrishnan
Director, Division of Clearing and Intermediary Oversight, CFTC

Ananda Radhakrishnan is the Director of the Division of Clearing and Intermediary Oversight for the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, having assumed that position in 2005. Prior to becoming the Director of the Division of Clearing and Intermediary Oversight, Mr. Radhakrishnan served as Legal Counsel and Advisor to the Chairman on legal, regulatory, and policy issues affecting the CFTC, with specific emphasis on clearing and market oversight and enforcement matters.  

Daniel K. Tarullo
Member, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

Daniel Tarullo took office on January 28, 2009 a term that will end on January 31, 2022. Before his appointment to the Board, he was Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center, where he taught courses in international financial regulation, international law and banking law. Prior to Georgetown, Mr. Tarullo held several senior positions in the Clinton administration.

Paul Volcker
Former Secretary, US Treasury

Paul Adolph Volcker is an American economist. He was the Chairman of the Federal Reserve under United States Presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan (from August 1979 to August 1987). He is currently chairman of the newly formed Economic Recovery Advisory Board under President Barack Obama.

Elisse Walter
Commissioner, SEC

Elisse Walter was appointed by President George W. Bush to the SEC and was sworn in on July 9, 2008. Under designation by President Barack Obama, she served as Acting Chairman during January 2009. Prior to her appointment as an SEC Commissioner, Walter served as Senior Executive Vice President, Regulatory Policy & Programs, for FINRA.

Kevin Warsh
Member of the Board, Federal Reserve

Kevin Maxwell Warsh (born April 13, 1970) is a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. He took office on February 24, 2006. From 1995 to 2002, Warsh worked for Morgan Stanley in New York City, ultimately becoming a Vice President and Executive Director in the company's Mergers and Acquisitions Department.

Neal Wolin
Deputy Secretary, US Treasury

Neal Wolin is the Deputy Secretary of the Department of the Treasury, a position for which he was confirmed by the Senate on May 18, 2009. Prior to his confirmation, Wolin served in the Obama White House as Deputy Assistant to the President and Deputy Counsel to the President for Economic Policy. Prior to joining the Obama Administration, Wolin was the President and COO of the property and casualty insurance companies of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. He served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of The Hartford from 2001 to 2007 and oversaw the company's law, government affairs, communications, marketing and tax functions. 

Janet Yellen
President, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco

Janet Louise Yellen is an American economist and president of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. Dr. Yellen is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business, where she was the Eugene E. and Catherine M. Trefethen Professor of Business and Professor of Economics and has been a faculty member since 1980.